April’s Native Maryland Plant
Hibiscus moscheutos L.
(hy-BIS-kus mos-KEW-tus)
Common Name: Rose Mallow, Swamp Mallow, Crimson-eyed Rose-mallow
Hibiscus moscheutos can be considered one of the most ornamental of Maryland’s native plants. The flowers can reach 6” across and although they may bloom for only a day, there are generally numerous blooms on each stem throughout the bloom period (mid-summer to early fall). Rose mallow is a shrubby Coastal Plain perennial that is usually grown for its large blooms, but it shows many other unique and interesting faces throughout the year. In April, its many stems (they grow from a single crown) are brittle, and if not cut back they’ll soon be pushed aside by new growth which is slow to emerge. However, once new growth begins the plant can reach heights of 6’ or more, making it an impressive perennial plant in any garden.
In the Atlantic and Coastal Plain region, this plant has wetland indicator status of OBL (Obligate Wetland), meaning it almost always occurs in wetland. When I assessed the many areas in my yard, I found an area where water naturally flows, the soil is consistently moist and slightly acidic. I planted numerous OBL plants there - they are all good companions that prefer these conditions.
This plant is a good food source for ruby-throated hummingbirds, it’s the host plant for numerous butterflies and interestingly, it’s a specialist bee plant for the Rose Mallow bee (Ptilothrix bombiformis), an insect that relies on both the nectar and pollen of its flowers.
As you’re contemplating what to plant in the wetter areas in your yard, consider a Hibiscus moscheutos. Its many benefits (and faces) make it a joy to have in a garden.
NOTE: The non-native Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus), which will readily set seed, is often confused with this beneficial native plant. When shopping for plants it’s always best to use the botanical name so you can be certain you are getting the right plant.
Alison Milligan – MG/MN 2013
Watershed Steward Class 7/CBLP